Step 1: Divide the number into separate digits:
14216 => 1 4 2 1 6
Step 2: Calculate the distance between each digit and the next (the last digit with the first):
1 to 4 => 3
4 to 2 => 2
2 to 1 => 1
1 to 6 => 5
6 to 1 => 5
Step 3: Convert distances to codes (0=E[qual],
1 & 9 = C[onsecutive], 2-8 = N[one]):
3 => N
2 => N
1 => C
5 => N
5 => N
Step 4: Combine the filters to a string:
N N C N N = NNCNN